1. The TWI has been used to study spatial scale effects on hydrological processes. 2. In wealthy countries, growth is slower, and pollution reduction efforts can overcome the scale effect . 3. Volvo is not suffering from negative scale effects . 4. Note that Rayleigh fading is a small-scale effect . 5. This leads to the need of parameterization scheme to account for those sub grid scale effects . 6. :: How that scaling effect is called? 7. The game has a unique option-based combat and features levels with large scaling effects or parallax scrolling effects. 8. However, the specific fuel consumption ( fuel flow / net thrust ) is unaffected, assuming scale effects are neglected. 9. The scientific consensus is that the potential for large-scale effects , either through pathogenesis or ecological disruption, is extremely small. 10. However, in rapidly growing middle income countries the scale effect , which increases pollution and other degradation, overwhelms the time effect.